This public archive covers Palestinian dispossession and harms experienced by Palestinians. It provides a focused record, not a complete history. Every conclusion is attributed to the body that made it.
These sources cover Palestinian dispossession and harms experienced by Palestinians. They provide a focused record, not a complete history. Each entry lists its publisher, date, evidence or legal status, and source link. Legal conclusions are attributed to the body that made them. Allegations and arrest warrants are not convictions.
Editorial status reviewed 18 September 2026. Conditions and proceedings can change; follow the linked institutions for updates.During the Nakba that accompanied the establishment of Israel in 1948, more than 750,000 Palestinians were uprooted, many forcibly. General Assembly resolution 194 stated principles for refugees’ return and compensation. Those rights and the mass dispossession remain unresolved.
United Nations · historical record and General Assembly resolutionIn its 19 July 2024 advisory opinion, the International Court of Justice concluded that Israel’s continued presence in the occupied Palestinian territory is unlawful; that settlement activity violates international law; and that Israel must end that presence as rapidly as possible, cease new settlement activity and evacuate settlers. Advisory opinions are generally non-binding but carry great legal weight; this opinion is distinct from the pending genocide case.
International Court of Justice · advisory opinionIsrael has imposed a land, sea and air blockade on Gaza since June 2007 and announced a “complete siege” on 9 October 2023. The UN Commission of Inquiry found that siege and deprivation collectively punished Gaza’s population and involved starvation as a method of warfare. After the October 2025 ceasefire, OCHA continued to document blockade conditions and severe movement and aid restrictions.
UN Commission of Inquiry and UN OCHA · formal findings and humanitarian reportingAfter examining laws, policies and practices across Israel and the occupied Palestinian territory, Amnesty International concluded that Israeli authorities maintain an institutionalized regime of oppression and domination over Palestinians that amounts to apartheid under international law. This is Amnesty’s legal conclusion, not a court judgment.
Amnesty International · human-rights investigation and legal analysisThe UN Special Rapporteur on the occupied Palestinian territory framed the destruction and forced displacement in Gaza within a longer process of settler-colonial removal and replacement, describing genocide as a means of “colonial erasure.” This is the analysis of an independent UN mandate-holder; it is not a court ruling or a position automatically adopted by the United Nations as a whole.
UN Special Rapporteur Francesca Albanese · independent expert report A/79/384The UN Human Rights Office documented mass displacement across Gaza and growing areas of the West Bank, including forcible transfers that may constitute war crimes. It said methodical destruction and indications that displacement was intended to be permanent raised concerns of ethnic cleansing.
UN Human Rights Office · report A/HRC/61/26The UN Commission of Inquiry found that Israeli authorities used starvation of civilians as a method of warfare, a war crime, and imposed collective punishment in violation of customary international humanitarian law. It separately found that murder, forcible transfer and inhuman or cruel treatment amounted to crimes against humanity.
UN Independent International Commission of Inquiry · formal findings in A/HRC/56/CRP.4On 21 November 2024, an ICC Pre-Trial Chamber found reasonable grounds to believe that Benjamin Netanyahu and Yoav Gallant bore criminal responsibility for the war crime of starvation as a method of warfare and for crimes against humanity including murder, persecution and other inhumane acts. The warrants remained outstanding and both defendants were listed at large on 18 September 2026. Warrants are pre-trial determinations, not convictions.
International Criminal Court · Pre-Trial Chamber IThe Integrated Food Security Phase Classification confirmed famine in Gaza Governorate in August 2025 and projected its spread under then-current conditions. This finding is deliberately time-bound. Later IPC analysis in December 2025 found no area then classified in Famine after the October ceasefire, while about 1.6 million people still faced Crisis or worse. Its 2026 analysis classified the entire Gaza Strip in Crisis and projected 1.4 million people to face high acute food insecurity through December 2026, warning that gains remained fragile.
Integrated Food Security Phase Classification · technical classificationWHO documented 931 attacks on health care in Gaza from October 2023 through 31 December 2025. The same infographic reported 14 of 36 hospitals partly functional as of 31 October; a later WHO update reported 18 of 36 partly functioning as of 31 December. WHO’s attack category includes violence, obstruction, detention, search and militarization, not only airstrikes. The UN Commission separately found that attacks on four named Gaza hospitals amounted to war crimes.
World Health Organization and UN Commission of Inquiry · monitoring and formal findingsThe UN Commission of Inquiry’s report examines events through 31 March 2026. For 7 October 2023 through 7 October 2025, it reported at least 20,179 Palestinian children killed and 44,143 injured, alongside detention, torture, sexual violence and destruction of services essential to children. These are Commission findings and reported figures, not a court judgment.
UN Independent International Commission of Inquiry · report A/HRC/62/CRP.2As of 30 April 2026, UNICEF reported that about 700,000 children aged 4–17 had missed formal in-person schooling for almost three school years and nearly 98 percent of Gaza’s school buildings were damaged. UNESCO had verified damage to 164 cultural sites as of 24 March 2026.
UNICEF and UNESCO · humanitarian and cultural-heritage assessmentBy May 2025, the UN Human Rights Office said it had verified the killing of 211 journalists in Gaza since 7 October 2023 and raised concerns that some may have been directly targeted. It also condemned restrictions preventing foreign journalists from independently entering Gaza. Verification of a death is distinct from a legal finding about intent in each case.
UN Human Rights Office · verified casualty record and press-freedom warningThe UN Commission of Inquiry documented sexual, reproductive and other gender-based violence by Israeli security forces. It found that systematic destruction of sexual and reproductive health care in Gaza amounted to two categories of genocidal acts, and documented sexual violence including rape and other cruel or inhuman treatment.
UN Independent International Commission of Inquiry · formal findings in A/HRC/58/CRP.6The UN Commission of Inquiry documented arbitrary detention, torture, cruel treatment and sexual violence against Palestinian detainees by Israeli authorities. This entry reflects the game’s deliberately Palestinian-centered scope; the linked report provides the Commission’s complete findings and context.
UN Independent International Commission of Inquiry · report A/79/232The UN Commission of Inquiry in September 2025, Amnesty International in December 2024 and the Israeli human-rights organization B’Tselem in July 2025 each concluded, through separate investigations, that Israel’s conduct in Gaza constitutes genocide. These are attributed institutional findings. The separate ICJ case remains pending as of 18 September 2026; its binding provisional measures protect plausible rights but do not decide the merits or hold that “genocide is plausible.”
UN Commission of Inquiry, Amnesty International, B’Tselem and International Court of JusticeGenocide is a specific crime under international law, requiring a prohibited act and intent to destroy a protected group, in whole or in part. The UN Commission of Inquiry, Amnesty International and B’Tselem each concluded that Israel’s conduct in Gaza meets that definition; those conclusions belong to the named bodies. In the separate South Africa v. Israel case, the International Court of Justice has not issued a final merits judgment. At the provisional-measures stage, it found that at least some rights claimed under the Genocide Convention were plausible and ordered binding interim measures while the case proceeds. Accountability concerns the conduct of state authorities and responsible individuals; it must never be generalized to Jewish people, Judaism or Israeli civilians.
Direct links to the court docket, formal reports, continuing humanitarian updates, and Palestinian-led medical and relief organizations.
Applying a “reasonable grounds to conclude” standard, the Commission found that Israeli authorities and security forces committed four underlying acts of genocide and acted with genocidal intent in Gaza.
Read A/HRC/60/CRP.3Amnesty documented killings, serious harm, forced displacement and the destruction of conditions necessary for life, and concluded that Israel has committed and is continuing to commit genocide against Palestinians in Gaza.
Read the reportThe official docket contains the parties’ filings and the Court’s provisional-measures orders. Those interim orders protect claimed rights while proceedings continue; they are not a final judgment on whether genocide occurred.
Open the case docketThe Israeli human-rights organization concluded that Israel is carrying out a coordinated, deliberate effort to destroy Palestinian society in Gaza.
Read the reportOCHA’s reporting brings together current information on civilian protection, displacement, humanitarian access and essential services.
View situation reportsWHO tracks attacks on health care, damage to health services, urgent medical needs and the health emergency response.
View WHO updatesUNRWA publishes situation reports on displacement, shelter, health, education and its humanitarian operations for Palestine refugees.
View UNRWA updatesPRCS provides ambulance, emergency medical, health and relief services as part of the International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement.
Visit PRCSPCRF supports medical care, essential aid and longer-term recovery for children and families in Gaza and across the region.
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